Welcome to our step-by-step tutorial on installing MariaDB, the popular free and open-source database management system, on AlmaLinux 9. This tutorial is designed to help you with the installation process, assuming you have a basic knowledge of Linux and access to a server running AlmaLinux 9.
If you're looking to install MariaDB on AlmaLinux 9, you've come to the right place. Follow our easy-to-understand instructions and you'll have MariaDB up and running in no time. Whether you're setting up a database for a personal project or a business application, this tutorial will guide you through the process.
Ready to get started? Let's dive in and learn how to install MariaDB on AlmaLinux 9. By the end of this tutorial, you'll have a powerful and reliable database management system at your fingertips.
Prerequisites
Before proceeding with the installation of MariaDB on AlmaLinux 9, there are a few prerequisites that you need to have in place:
- A server running AlmaLinux 9
- SSH access to the server (or open Terminal if on a desktop)
- Either a non-root sudo user or access to the root user
Make sure you have these requirements fulfilled before starting the installation process. It is also recommended to use a fresh OS install to avoid any potential issues.
Server Running AlmaLinux 9
The first prerequisite for installing MariaDB is to have a server running AlmaLinux 9. If you don't have one set up, make sure to do so before proceeding further.
SSH Access or Terminal
In order to execute the necessary commands for the installation, you will need SSH access to your server. Alternatively, if you are installing MariaDB on a local machine, you can use the Terminal.
Sudo User or Root Access
To install MariaDB, you will need either a non-root user with sudo privileges or direct access to the root user. This is necessary to execute commands with administrative permissions.
Step 1 - Update System
To ensure that your AlmaLinux 9 system is up-to-date, we need to update the system and install any necessary development tools. Follow the steps below:
- Open the Terminal by accessing the command line of your AlmaLinux 9 server.
- Run the command
sudo dnf clean allto clean the package cache and remove any unnecessary files. - Next, run the command
sudo dnf updateto update your system with the latest available packages. - Finally, run the command
sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools"to install the necessary development tools.
The system update and installation of development tools are essential to ensure a smooth installation process for MariaDB on your AlmaLinux 9 server.
Now that your system is up-to-date, it's time to move on to the next step - installing MariaDB. Stay tuned for Section 4!
Step 2 - Install MariaDB
Now that you have updated your system, it's time to install MariaDB on AlmaLinux 9. Fortunately, MariaDB is readily available on the AlmaLinux 9 base repository, making the installation process straightforward.
To begin the installation, open the Terminal and enter the following command:
sudo dnf install mariadb-server mariadb
This command will install both the MariaDB server and the MariaDB client on your system. Once the installation process is complete, you can proceed with configuring and securing your MariaDB installation.
Starting and Enabling MariaDB Service
Before you can start using MariaDB, you need to start the service and ensure that it starts automatically with system reboots. To do this, run the following commands:
sudo systemctl restart mariadb: This command will start the MariaDB service on your system.sudo systemctl status mariadb: Use this command to check the status of the service and verify that it is running without any issues.sudo systemctl enable mariadb: This command will enable MariaDB to start automatically with system reboots, ensuring that your database is always available.
With the service started and enabled, you're now ready to move on to the next steps of securing your MariaDB installation.
Secure MariaDB
In order to ensure the security of your MariaDB installation on AlmaLinux 9, it is important to follow some best practices. One of the first steps you should take is to run the mysql_secure_installation script. This script will guide you through a series of prompts that will help secure your MariaDB database.
When running the mysql_secure_installation script, you will be prompted to set a root password for your MariaDB installation. It is important to choose a strong and unique password to protect your database from unauthorized access.
The script will also give you the option to remove any anonymous users, disallow remote root login, and remove the test database. These steps are recommended to further enhance the security of your MariaDB installation.
Running the mysql_secure_installation script is an important step to ensure the security of your MariaDB installation. By setting a strong root password and removing any potential security vulnerabilities, you can protect your database and your data from unauthorized access.
Summary
- Run the mysql_secure_installation script to secure your MariaDB installation.
- Set a strong root password.
- Remove any anonymous users.
- Disallow remote root login.
- Remove the test database.
By following these steps, you can ensure that your MariaDB installation on AlmaLinux 9 is secured and protected against potential security risks.
Connect to MariaDB
To start using MariaDB, you need to connect to the database server. This can be done using the mysql command in the Terminal.
Open the Terminal and enter the following command:
mysql -u root -p
This command will prompt you to enter the root password that you set during the secure installation process. Once you enter the password correctly, you will be logged into the MariaDB server and can start working with your databases.
Managing Databases in MariaDB
Once connected to MariaDB, you can perform various operations on your databases. Here are some commonly used commands:
- Show Databases: To view a list of all databases, use the command
SHOW DATABASES; - Create Database: To create a new database, use the command
CREATE DATABASE database_name; - Use Database: To select a specific database to work with, use the command
USE database_name; - Show Tables: To view all tables in the current database, use the command
SHOW TABLES; - Create Table: To create a new table in the current database, use the appropriate SQL syntax
These commands are just a starting point, and there are many more advanced operations you can perform with MariaDB. Explore the official MariaDB documentation for more information and examples.
Upgrade MariaDB (Optional)
If you want to stay up to date with the latest version of MariaDB, you have the option to upgrade your installation. This can be done using the official RPM repository, which provides the latest releases of MariaDB.
Upgrade your system
Before proceeding with the upgrade, it is recommended to update your system to ensure that all existing packages are up-to-date. Open the Terminal and run the following command:
sudo dnf upgrade --refresh
This command will update your system and refresh the package repositories, ensuring that you have the latest software versions available.
Import the MariaDB repository
Next, you need to import the MariaDB 10.6 repository. Use the following command in the Terminal:
curl -LsS https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb_repo_setup | sudo bash -s -- --mariadb-server-version=10.6
This command will import the repository for MariaDB 10.6, which is the latest stable version at the time of writing.
Install the latest version
Once the repository is imported, you can proceed with the installation of the latest version of MariaDB. Run the following command in the Terminal:
sudo dnf install mariadb-server -y
This command will install the latest version of MariaDB on your system.
Remember to backup your databases and configuration files before performing the upgrade. This will ensure that you can restore your data in case anything goes wrong during the upgrade process.
Restart and Manage MariaDB Service
Once you have installed MariaDB on AlmaLinux 9, it's important to know how to restart and manage the service. The systemctl command provides a convenient way to control the MariaDB service.
Restarting MariaDB
If you need to restart the MariaDB service for any reason, you can do so using the following command:
sudo systemctl restart mariadb
This command will stop the currently running MariaDB service and then start it again. You may need to use this command after making configuration changes or applying updates to ensure that the changes take effect.
Checking the Status
To check the status of the MariaDB service, you can use the following command:
sudo systemctl status mariadb
This command will display information about the current state of the service, including whether it is running or not. It can be useful to check the status if you are experiencing any issues with the service.
Enabling Automatic Startup
If you want MariaDB to start automatically when the system reboots, you can enable it using the following command:
sudo systemctl enable mariadb
This command will configure the system to start the MariaDB service during the boot process. This ensures that your database will be available whenever the system is started.
Using these systemctl commands, you can easily restart the MariaDB service, check its status, and configure it to start automatically. This gives you control over the management of your MariaDB installation on AlmaLinux 9.
Run MariaDB Database Tables Upgrade Tool
If you have recently upgraded your MariaDB installation or migrated from a previous version, it is important to ensure that your database tables are compatible and updated. To achieve this, you can use the mysql_upgrade command. This command will check and fix any compatibility issues that may arise due to the version upgrade.
To run the mysql_upgrade command, open the Terminal and execute the following command:
sudo mysql_upgrade
This command will analyze your database and make the necessary changes to ensure that your tables are up-to-date and fully compatible with the new version of MariaDB.
By running the mysql_upgrade command, you can avoid any potential issues or inconsistencies that may arise from an upgrade. This ensures the smooth functioning of your database and enhances its stability and performance.
MariaDB Installation on AlmaLinux 9: Successful Installation
Congratulations! You have successfully installed MariaDB on your AlmaLinux 9 system. By following this step-by-step tutorial, you have learned how to update the system, install MariaDB, secure the installation, and connect to the database. Let's recap the key points:
- Start by updating the system using the
sudo dnf updatecommand to ensure that all existing packages are up-to-date. - Install MariaDB using the
sudo dnf install mariadb-server mariadbcommand and start the service by runningsudo systemctl restart mariadb. - To secure your MariaDB installation, run the
mysql_secure_installationscript and follow the prompts to set a root password and remove potential security risks. - Connect to MariaDB using the
mysql -u root -pcommand, and enter the root password you set during the secure installation process.
By successfully completing these steps, you now have a powerful and reliable database management system, MariaDB, up and running on your AlmaLinux 9 system. You can start using MariaDB to create and manage databases, ensuring efficient data storage and retrieval for your applications.
Should you wish to further enhance your MariaDB installation, you can also consider upgrading to the latest version and running the mysql_upgrade command to ensure compatibility with any previous version upgrades. Remember to backup your databases and configuration files before making any changes.
Why Choose MariaDB?
MariaDB is a popular, free, and open-source database management system that provides compatibility with MySQL while offering additional features and improvements. It is highly secure, reliable, and widely used by developers and enterprises around the world. With MariaDB, you can enjoy robust data management capabilities and seamless integration with various operating systems, including AlmaLinux 9.
By following best practices for installation and configuration, you can ensure a smooth and successful experience with MariaDB on your AlmaLinux 9 system. Enjoy the benefits of a powerful and efficient database system for your applications and unlock the full potential of your data management needs.
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